Biological Systems: Theory and Innovation

Influence of meteorological conditions on the yield and seed quality of differently ripened soybean varieties in the central Forest-Steppe

Yaroslav Chabaniuk, Iryna Brovko, Andrii Kovtun , Myroslava Milova
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Abstract

The relationship between meteorological conditions and crop yields is mainly aimed at explaining the impact of climate change on the environment. Fluctuations in air temperature and humidity affect the water balance and are the main factors for increasing or decreasing crop yields. Such hydrothermal variations can affect any region. Despite this, the purpose of the study was to establish the influence of meteorological conditions such as temperature, precipitation, the sum of active temperatures, and the Selyaninov hydrothermal coefficient (HTC) on the yield and quality of seeds of different varieties of differently ripened soybeans Glycine max (L.) Merril of foreign selection in the conditions of the central Forest-Steppe. The study used general scientific and special research methods, in particular, field, laboratory, and statistical. The highest yield on average over the years of research was observed in the standard Mentor variety (2.45 t/ha), which was slightly higher than the Cordoba variety (<1%). The deviation of the target for the Moravia variety from the standard variety was 7.4%. According to the results, the lowest yield variability was found in the standard Mentor variety (2.57%), the Cordoba variety was also characterised by low variability (5.99%), while in the Moravia variety, this indicator was with an average variability of 17.62%. During the three-year research period, the protein content in soybean seeds ranged from 38.75% to 40.31%. All soybean varieties had low trait variability (<3%). The analysis of the relationship between the yield and quality of seeds of soybean varieties of foreign selection and the main factors of climatic conditions formed in the central Forest-Steppe region was carried out. Correlation analysis showed the degree of influence of various meteorological conditions on the productivity of the soybean varieties under study, which facilitates a more purposeful and balanced approach to the choice of varieties in specific climatic conditions. The results of the conducted studies can be applied in the implementation of measures for a reasonable choice of soybean varieties to ensure consistently high yields during periods of possible adverse meteorological conditions

Keywords

Glycine max (L.) Merril; productivity; sum of active temperatures; sum of precipitation; hydrothermal coefficient; correlation

Suggested citation
Chabaniuk, Ya., Brovko, I., Kovtun , A., & Milova , M. (2024). Influence of meteorological conditions on the yield and seed quality of differently ripened soybean varieties in the central Forest-Steppe. Biological Systems: Theory and Innovation, 15(4), 73-85. https://doi.org/10.31548/biologiya/4.2024.73
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