Biological Systems: Theory and Innovation

Ecological and toxicological assessment of the herbicide Exposure Director, w.s. (a.i. isopropylamine solt glyphosate, 410 g/dm3) on branched crustaceans Ceriodaphnia affinis Lilljeborg

E. Shcherban, Oksana Sykalo
Download article
Abstract

Analysis of the chronic experiments results showed that the herbicide Director (active ingredient - isopropylamine salt of glyphosate, 41%) is a substance toxic to Ceriodaphnia affinis. This herbicide is characterized by embryotoxicity. Herbicide Director has the greatest toxic effect on C. affinis at a concentration of 50 mg/ dm3. All major bioparameters of crustacean activity are suppressed. There is a high mortality of first-generation crustaceans (78%) planted in solutions with the herbicide, low life expectancy of females. The offspring born to females in a number of generations are unviable; reproduction of offspring is suspended mainly at the level of the second generation. Only one female from the second generation offspring on the 8th day gave 4 juveniles of the third generation of the 1st brood, which died a day later. At 50 mg/dm3 offspring reproduction is suspended at the level of the second generation. The productivity of females at the herbicide concentration of 25 mg/dm3 is reduced by 66.5% compared with the control. The productivity decrease at lower concentrations was in the range of 30.4 ÷ 17.6%. The smallest decrease in female productivity (by 9.2%) was observed at a concentration of 0.001 mg/dm3. At the herbicide concentration of 25 mg/dm3, the puberty of young C. affinis was delayed and was longer than in the control and at lower concentrations by 1.42 days. Females gave only 5 generations, while in the control and in the concentration range of 0.001–10 mg/dm3 for the same period there were 6 generations. The total number of offspring on average for 5 generations was 33.58% of control, with a reliability of> 99.9%. To a lesser extent, inhibition of crustacean activity was observed at lower herbicide concentrations. At 10 mg/dm3, the sexual maturity of crustaceans was delayed only in the first generation, and the total number of offspring on average for 6 generations was 72.1% of control. At the same level, a decrease in total productivity was observed at concentrations of 1.0 and 0.1 mg/dm3

Keywords

branched crustaceans; ecological and toxicological assessment; Сeriodaphnia affinis; isopropylamine salt; glyphosate; herbicide; hydrofauna; offspring; female

Suggested citation
Shcherban, E., & Sykalo, O. (2022). Ecological and toxicological assessment of the herbicide Exposure Director, w.s. (a.i. isopropylamine solt glyphosate, 410 g/dm3) on branched crustaceans Ceriodaphnia affinis Lilljeborg. Biological Systems: Theory and Innovation, 13(1), 89-99. https://doi.org/10.31548/biologiya13(1-2).2022.004
References

[1] Astis, S., &  Alvarez, J. (1992). Indirect effects of glyphosate in the control of Salvinia auriculata in experimental systems. In Materials of the international association of theoretical and applied limnology (pp. 2064-2067). Barselona: International Association of Theoretical & Applied Limnology.

[2] Biological test method: Test of reproduction and survival using the Cladoceran ceriodaphnia Dubia. (2007). Retrieved from https://bit.ly/39IadP6.

[3] Brovini, E.M., Cardoso, S.J., & Quadra, G.R., et al. (2021). Glyphosate concentrations in global freshwaters: Are aquatic organisms at risk? Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28, 60635-60648. Retrieved from doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-14609-8.

[4] Carlisle, S.M., & Trevors, J.T. (1988). Glyphosate in the environment. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 39, 409-420. doi: 10.1007/BF00279485.   

[5] Chan, Ky., & Leung, S.C. (1986). Effects of paraquat and glyphosate on growth, respiration, and enzyme activity of aquatic bacteria. Herald of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 36, 52-59. doi: 10.1007/BF01623474.   

[6] DSTU 4174:2003. (2000). Water quality. Determination of chronic toxicity of chemicals and water to Daphnia magna Straus and Ceriodaphnia affinis Lilljeborg (Cladosera, Crustacea). Retrieved from https://bit.ly/3Ma50hA.

[7] Edwards, W.M., & Triplett, G.B. (1980). A watershed study of glyphosate transport in Runoff.    Journal of Environmental Quality, 9(4), 661-665. doi: 10.2134/jeq1980.00472425000900040024x.

[8] Glyphosate and AMPA in Drinking-water. (2005). Retrieved from https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/wash-documents/wash-chemicals/glyphosate-2003.pdf?sfvrsn=c93027cd_3.

[9] Growth, G.J. (1956). Size and reproduction in Daphnia (Chrustacea: Cladocera). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 126(2), 173-203. doi: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.1956.tb00432.x.

[10] Guidelines for determining the toxicity of water, bottom sediments, pollutants and drilling fluids by biotesting. (2002). Retrieved from https://bit.ly/3stSfX3.   

[11] Hartman, W.A., & Martin, D.B. (1985). Effects of four agricultural pesticides on Daphnia pulex, Lemna minor and Potamogeton pectinafus, Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 35(5), 646-651. doi: 10.1007/BF01636568.

[12] KDN 211.1.4.056-97. (1997). Method for the determination of chronic water toxicity on the crustacean Ceriodaphnia affinis Lilljeborg. 
Retrieved from https://zakon.isu.net.ua/sites/default/files/pdf/perelik_metodik_vikonannya_vimir-3-477206.pdf.   

[13] Manual on Development and Use of FAO Specifications for Plant Protection Products. (1999). Retrieved from https://www.fao.org/3/i5713e/i5713e.pdf.   

[14] Mayer, F.L., & Ellersieck, M.R. (1986). Manual of acute toxiciti: Interpretation and data base for 410 chemicals and 66 species of freshwater animals. Washington, D.S.: Fish and Wildlife Serwise Resource Publication.

[14] Melnikov, N.N., et al. (1995). Pesticides and plant growth regulators. Moscow: Chemistry.

[15] Pechlaner, R. (2003). Glyphosate in herbicides: An overloored threat to microbial bottom – up processes in freshwater system. Internationale Vereinigung für Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie: Verhandlungen, 28(4), 1831-1835. doi: 10.1080/03680770.2001.11901944.

[16] Pidgaiko, M.L. (1971). Application of production-biological “cage” method in the study of pesticide toxicity to zooplankton. Moscow: Science.

[17] RD 118-02-90. (1991). Methodical guidelines for biotesting of water. Moscow: Goskom Nature.

[18] Rokitsky, P.F. (1961). Fundamentals of variation statistics for biologists. Minsk: Belorus Publishing House University. Minsk: Belarusian State University.

[19] Solomon, K., & Thompson, D. (2003). Ecological risk assessment for aquatic organisms from over-water uses of glyphosate. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, 6(3), 289-324. doi: 10.1080/10937400306468.   

[20] State register of pesticides and agrochemicals approved for use in Ukraine. (2022) Retrieved from https://mepr.gov.ua/upravlinnya-vidhodamy/derzhavnyj-reyestr-pestytsydiv-i-agrohimikativ-dozvolenyh-do-vykorystannya-v-ukrayini/.   

[21] Stroganov, N.S. (1971). Method for determining the toxicity of the aquatic environment. Moscow: Science.

[22] Tresnakova, N., Stara, A., & Velisek, J. (2021). Effects of Glyphosate and its metabolite AMPA on aquatic organisms. Applied Sciences, 11(19), article number 9004. doi: 10.3390/app11199004.