Біологічні системи: теорія та інновації

Стратегії оптимізації сталого молекулярного фермерства

Юлія Удовенко, Ольга Овчаренко
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Анотація

Молекулярне фермерство – це галузь сучасної рослинної біотехнології, яка швидко розвивається та дозволяє експресувати біологічно активні терапевтичні засоби для медицини та ветеринарії у промислових масштабах. Метою цього огляду був пошук основних стратегій, що застосовуються для підвищення ефективності виробництва терапевтичних білків в рослинах. Для досягнення мети було застосовано аналіз баз даних Scopus та PubMed, узагальнення та критичну оцінку даних щодо стратегій, що підвищують ефективність виробництва терапевтичного білка в рослинах. Було визначено ключові критерії, які слід враховувати під час вибору вектора для трансформації. Для оптимізації генетичної трансформації стійких видів рекомендуються супер-подвійні або третинні вектори. Для транзієнтної трансформації запропоновано системи magnICON та вектори на основі гемінівірусів. Розглянуто способи подолання стійкості рослин до культури in vitro та генетичної трансформації. Згадано такі методи, як надекспресія морфогенних генів (WOX, BBM), що підвищують ефективність регенерації. Розглянуто новітні системи доставки генів для точного та правильного введення генів. Для збільшення експресії цільових білків рекомендуються тканинно-специфічні, індуцибельні або активні на певних стадіях розвитку рослин промотори. Визначено, що стабільність білка можна підвищити шляхом його таргетування в клітинні компартменти або коекспресії з інгібіторами протеаз. Також в ході дослідження визначено, що корекція посттрансляційних модифікацій білка може покращити його біологічну активність; зменшення токсичних вторинних метаболітів хазяїна також є однією з цілей. Висновки можуть бути використані для розробки нових стратегій оптимізації трансформації рослин та збільшення виходу рекомбінантного білка

Ключові слова

біотехнологія рослин; генетична інженерія; рослинні системи експресії; фармацевтичні білки

ЦИТУВАТИ
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